Gandhi

GANDHIS ROLE IN closing BRITISH RULE IN INDIA India was bingle of the intimately Copernican British colonies in Asia. During the First World War (1914-1918), the British political relation promised the Indians that if they fought over against the Germans in return would receive big(p)er administrative autonomy. afterwardward the shin, however, the promise was not fulfil guide. Instead, the representatives of the British government began to violently repress all attempts at license of India. The master(prenominal) Indian leader who opposed British regularize was Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948).The chief(prenominal) resource intaked by him in the struggle against the British was establish on the strategy of active non-violence. Gandhi preached cultivated disobedience and non-violence, (Satygraha) of the Indians against the English policy-making science through non-payment of taxes and rejection of British industrial products. The purpose was to weaken the opponent, preven ting any cooperation with it, entirely with fall out using violence. Mahatma Gandhi was the preeminent leader of Indian disciplineism in British-rulight-emitting diode India.Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi guide India to liberty and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and complimentarydom across the realism. When Gandhi arrived in India, the First World War was at its height. At first he ignored this. He addressed the British Viceroy of India solely blow out of the water him by declaring shame at having to speak in English whilst in India. He also verbally attacked the rich Indian princess who was loyal to British rule. Many princesses were deeply off finaleed and passed out.After show its position against the British rule and bump intoing that the Indian population was suffering in British detainment he began a Satyagraha track down to help poor Indian peasants in the district of Bihar. This was more a profess against conditions than again st the British, only when it did involve Gandhi advance Indians to refuse to pay taxes. In 1917, surprisingly, Gandhi joined a campaign form by the British Viceroy to persuade ordinary Indians to join the British on the Battlefields of France against the Germans. He personally toured the Indian District of Kheda in raise of the campaign.The Salt March, also know as the Salt Satyagraha, began with the Dandi March on March 12, 1930, and was an master(prenominal) part of the Indian freedom movement. It was a fill action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly in colonial India, and triggered the wider well-mannered Disobedience Movement. This was the most portentous organized challenge to British authority since the Non-cooperation movement of 192022, and directly take oned the Purna Swaraj solving of emancipation by the Indian National Congress on January 26, 1930.Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (commonly clavered Mahatma Gandhi) le ad the Dandi march from his base, Sabarmati Ashram near Ahmedabad, to the sea coast near the village of Dandi. As he continued on this 24 day, 240 mile (390 km) march to stir salt without paying the tax, growing numbers of Indians joined him along the guidance. When Gandhi bust the salt laws at 630 am on April 6, 1930, it sparked large scale acts of civil disobedience against the British Raj salt laws by millions of Indians.The campaign had a significant effect on changing world and British attitude towards Indian independence and caused large numbers of Indians to join the dispute for the first time. At the end of the First World War seemed to make water great promise to India. She had been invited to the Versailles Peace Conference as a crystalise power in her own right. Also, towards the end of the war, the Montagu Declaration had promised increased intimacy in the government and justice system of Indian citizenry.However, this promise was stippled by two events in the immediate achievement after the war o The Rowlatt Acts these acts said that the rights of Indians to free speech and protest would not be fully restored even though the war had ended. o The Amritsar Massacre After some protests the British rule weakened. To solve the problem, a opposition was organized. The meeting was meant to be peaceful and do up of men, women and children. unless the British tenacious his troops to line up facing the gathering and to open fire.No concluding warning was installn to the protesters. Those two things were a great mis take up. Jawaharlal Nehru, also known as Pandit Nehru was an Indian statesman who was the first (and to date the longest incumbency of) prime minister of India, from 1947 until 1964. Ward leader in the socialist Indian National Congress during and after the effort of India to independence from the British Empire, became the vertex Minister of India at independence. His real initiation into politics came when he came in contact with Mahatma Gandhi in 1919.At that time Mahatma Gandhi had launched a campaign against the Rowlatt Act. Nehru was instantly attracted to Gandhis loyalty for active barely peaceful civil disobedience. Jawaharlal Nehru was choose mayor of Allahabad in 1924 and served for two old age as chief executive of the city. From 1926 to 1928, Jawaharlal served as deposit General of the Committee of the Congress of the United Provinces. In 1928-29, the annual session of the Congress under Pre boldnessnt Motilal Nehru was held.During that session Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose bindinged a call for full political independence, while Motilal Nehru and others precious dominion status inside the British Empire. To resolve the issue, Gandhi offered the British to grant in two years the do main(prenominal) status to India, otherwise the Congress would launch a national struggle for full political independence. Nehru and Bose reduced that period to one year. The British did not respo nd. In December 1929, the annual session of the Congress was held in Lahore and Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as president of the Congress Party.During the session, a resolution demanding Indias independence was passed and on January 26, 1930 in Lahore, Jawaharlal Nehru busy having a flag of free India. And Gandhi made the call for civil disobedience movement in 1930. The movement at last forced the British government to recognize the bring for major political reforms and ended up be a great success. After the act World War, in 1947, the state of Britain gave India its political Independence, but the territory was sh bed out into the republic of India, the Hindu majority, and republic of Pakistan (East and West), with a Muslim majority.Later, in 1972, after a violent war, East Pakistan separated from the West and was renamed Bangladesh. He was in truth important for the India independence because he introduced a new manner to see, a new way to fight without having to lose liv es. In my opinion he was the most important factor for the ending of the British rule in India. Thanks to him Indians are free of suffering in British hands, he created a new way of avoid loss of lives and fighting. He showed to the world a new way to live and find what you want, a non-violence way.GandhiTo what end has the importance of Gandhi been amplifyd in persuading the British government to produce India independence in 1947? Gandhi wasnt as significant as wad think he was during the struggle for Indian independence. Some believe that Gandhi was the close why Britain gave independence to India, citizenry exaggerated over his abilities and his actions during the struggle for Indian Independence, and so he then(prenominal) became the Father of India this again really exaggerated his importance. only then again, after the Second World War, Britain would fork up given India independence at any rate cod to Britain becoming bankrupt which would take meant that Britain w ould pass to give India independence because they couldnt move over to keep control and cabaret in much(prenominal)(prenominal) a big earth like India. Therefore, Gandhi didnt real need to go on big campaigns, because most of them would result in a huge number of spate being killed or die of starvation.These are the key parts that people miss out and over exaggerate about Gandhis importance. Just like the Amritsar massacre and the Bengali Famine, India was penalize for the bicker they consider caused for Britain, which resulted in lots of Indians being killed. In a way, Gandhi knew that his campaigns would be result in some people being killed and he could have through it contraryly, in a more peaceful way, because Britain would have given India independence eventually.Gandhi set himself a goal, to unite the whole of India so that Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs could live together without the British Raj, but he failed to do that and because he failed we now have a separated I ndia, which resulted in millions of people losing their lives overdue to Gandhis decisions and actions . Overall, Gandhi really annoyed the British, which caused them to act in a way they wouldnt necessarily act, like shooting in a crowd of Indians.Also, like the Quit India Campaign, which Gandhi introduced and said to his fellow Indians to Cause trouble on the streets of India, Gandhi thought that this will eventually lead to Britain acquire cater up of the constant trouble and then grant them the Independence, which they have so badly been fighting for, but this only led to more Indians being killed. This proved to be a disaster for Gandhi and due to some decisions he made, India split into three, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Also resulting acts threats of terrorism to each on of the three countries.This again shows what an impact Gandhi still has today due to his flirt and the methods he picked to free India. This may have had an influence on some famous figures in Histor y much(prenominal) as Martin Luther King, but then again, it resulted in Millions of people losing their lives due to Gandhi not being sure-fire in one of his main goals, such as uniting India. When the Rowlatt Act came into law, Gandhi proposed that the entire country take note a hartal, a day of fasting, prayer, and abstention from physical labor, in protest against the injustice of the repressive new law.Millions of Indians followed Gandhis words and lowered to fight back against the British, they precisely didnt go to work almost the whole of India came to a halt for the whole day. Following the words of Gandhi, some Indians came together in groups, which was against the Rowlatt act law. A General in the British army in India named General Dyer became furious and decided to teach the Indians a lesson and so he went to the meeting in Amritsar and massacred n earlyish all the Indians that simply came together to bear in mind to each other. All eyes were on Gandhi, because it was his words that led to this massacre. point though Gandhi knew that his instructions to Indians would cause agony for the British, but also for India, but he took the risk anyway. Again this shows that Gandhis words proved to be futile, because the British would al shipway respond back to the actions made by Gandhi and the Indian people. Even though Gandhi knew that, he would still continue his campaign, which would later cause cuckoos nest on the streets of India. But his actions were seen as successful because no one had actually flavourped up to the British, this again exaggerates his importanceFurthermore, Gandhis campaigns may have been effective against the British, but it also came with a huge sacrifice. Gandhis campaigns really annoyed The British, peculiarly Winston Churchill. Gandhi, The Father of India and Churchill, the Prime minister of Britain had a clash of ideas. Because Gandhi won, people see him as defeating one of the most powerful men in the world. But it c ame at a huge cost this really exaggerates his importance because people dont really see the other side. His campaigns eventually led to the Bengal famine, which resulted in millions of people starving to close.Gandhis campaigns are thought to of led to the Bengal famine, and the measuring stick of money Britain had to pay for the damage, and so they time-tested to put an end to it by setting an example. In a way, Churchill really badly wanted to punish the Indians for all the trouble they caused. Churchill did this by stopping shipments of supplies to Bengal and instead he sent them to soldiers in Africa, which they didnt really need. The famine lasted surrounded by one to two years. Churchill himself said, I hate Indians, The famine was their own fault. Some may argue that, he is referring to just Gandhi and the problems he has made for Britain to clean up.Overall, Gandhis actions and the decisions he made had a huge effect on India and Britain, which then, led to the Bengal famine and as a result Millions of woman and children died. Churchill only tried to show Gandhi he too can cause trouble for India, he also tried to warn Gandhi and the rest of India that this would be the result of the actions and the amount trouble they cause. But Gandhi didnt stop and continued with his campaigns to free India. On the other hand, Gandhi didnt always cause trouble but sometimes he forced the British to just give up. Gandhi devised a great march to the coast this would sprain famous as the salt march.Gandhi established that the British tax on salt would become an advantage. Gandhi soon started to walk with his members of the Indian congress party and other followers to the Indian coast. shortly after, galore(postnominal) people joined him. Afterwards he had whole villages arse him he then arrived at the coast and encouraged people to take as much salt as they possibly can because the British couldnt do anything about it. But, soon afterwards, as he arrived bac k, the British authorities had arrested him and thrown him in jail. This had caused mass rioting, some people were killed and so the British had no other option, but to release him.The British government had to pay a lot of money for all the damage and big bucks that the rioters had made. Gandhi proved himself to the Indian people as a leader. The period of non-cooperation that began in 1920 saw Gandhi moving all across India, encouraging people to give up their Western clothing and British jobs. Soon afterwards Gandhis Congress party would become an organization filled with people work for it, this then proved to be an organization fit to become a professional party ready to lead their fellow Indians to Independence.Gandhis work despite the interference of the British authorities was a great success. Gandhi then would introduce a civil disobedience campaign, which would prove to be a mistake that shook the world. During one of the protests that night a group of Indians stony-bro ke into one of the colonial outposts and killed many another(prenominal) of the people working there. Horrified by the actions of his fellow Indians, Gandhi abandoned his plan for civil disobedience and retired into a period of fasting and prayer.Even as the Viceroy of India and the Prime minister of Britain wanted Gandhi out of the way, they couldnt due to the political system Britain had in effect for since the early stages of the British Empire. The media were always there, and the class system in Britain was very important during that time, and so if the British authorities in India or Britain were to throw Gandhi in a jail for life or even execute him which they could of done very easily, but it would harm their reputation as the most go nation in the world.People would see the British as savages this system came to Gandhis advantage during the salt march. From 1934 until the outbreak of war in 1939, Gandhi left the struggle for independence to Nehru. He began traveling throu gh India again, working with women and children, parcel the poor, and promoting use of the old fashioned Indian spinning wheel. He went from village to village, statement others of the way of true India, barefoot and on the road for months at a time.Gandhi wanted to prove to all Indians that they didnt need to wear western sandwich clothing or use western methods of making clothes, and that the Indian way was better, he did this to try and get everyone to do the same and then it would have been much easier to unite India. But people often get erroneous and believe that this method of uniting India wasnt as effective, sure people do get together, but teaching the true Indian ways of doing things showed that Gandhi tried to get people together. But just when people were getting along, he introduced the Quit India Campaign people would riot on the streets putting to death many people.Again people dont see the other side of Gandhi and over exaggerate his importance by pointing out th at he taught many Indians the true Indian way in the hope that they would get along and unite to overcome oppression from the British. Gandhi didnt support the war, and when Britain called for India to help them in the upcoming Battle of Britain, which would decide the future of Britain, the war and even the world, But Gandhi and the rest of India refused, and in a way, also helping the Nazis because they werent helping the allies and instead helping Hitler and the Nazis by not fighting.But they only fought to encourage their own country from invasion. Japan, a growing empire decided to start the invasion of India and wanted to overthrow the British Raj and have India for themselves, but they scattered to the Indian sepoys supported by Gandhi. So, in a way they could have helped Britain, but they also had the Japanese looking to extend their border. This then resulted in many deaths over in Britain, which were lucky enough to snatch a victory at the battle of Britain.Three years a fter his wifes death was a time of struggle for Gandhi, the growing Muslim league and Jinnah were looking to have a country of their own Pakistan in the far west of India and Bangladesh in the far east of India. Gandhis dreams of a united India were beginning to shatter. This shows that his main dream of uniting India was beginning to end this shows that Gandhi wasnt very successful and failed to reach his goal, therefore Gandhi was only useful in gaining independence so that others can have theirs within the country.Elections were beginning to be held in India, they were between the Congress party and the Muslim league. India was becoming a piece of grime which was going to be torn apart between two different faiths. The political Parties of India were beginning to look like true professionals. MPs were elected in heavy Hindu and Muslim parts of India. The fate of India was to be decided. After the war, Britain was absolutely spent the whole treasury. It was now empty and people w ere so hungry they had to eat cat food.This eventually led to many countries getting their independence because Britain couldnt afford to keep control and order in many countries like India, it became ungovernable and so Britain just gave up and gave them their independence. India received independence not from Gandhis methods of Satyagraha, but through conglomeration anarchy and outbreaks of violence across the country. This shows that everyone forgot about Gandhi because he wasnt important to them and believed that the methods he used were wrong because people were dying for nothing, and so Gandhis methods were fading away.Overall, Gandhi claimed to represent all of India during the Round-Table conferences, but as he later learned to know that there were some who didnt agree with him, such as Jinnah, the Muslim league and all other Muslims living in India, even though Gandhis and Nehrus Congress party had the most seats in the Indian parliament, Gandhi still thought he equal the whole of India which means that he forgot all about the Muslims and Sikhs that wanted to lodge separate.So in a way, he failed to reach his main goal which many people failed to notice during the later stages of India receiving independence. Disaster followed, violence swept the country as Hindus and Muslims killed one another. Nearly all fled the newly created borders, seeking sentry duty in India or Pakistan, depending upon their religion. Millions had died while many other Millions were forced to scat their homes it proved to be a disaster for Gandhi and his dreams of united India.Gandhi felt betrayed by his fellow Indians he felt that that no one had listened to him, that the people of India hadnt learned a thing during the times of his campaigns and great marches which taught Indians to tour of duty together, he believed that India would become independent only if they unite. But sadly, his dreams would only become a vision he once had. Later on Gandhi would give some spee ches and show up in some important events, but then something, which shook the entire world, had occurred, Gandhi was assassinated. But even after his death he then somehow still influences people from around the world.Overall, Gandhi didnt reach his main goal to unite India, but it is thought that Gandhi was the reason why India got their independence. This is normally exaggerated as a strong aesthesis of sympathy for Gandhi after his death. Eventually India would of gotten their independence due Britain, which couldnt afford to keep control of India and so they would of gotten their independence even without Gandhi. But then again, Gandhis campaign inspired many other famous people, such as, Martin Luther King, who then used Gandhis methods of non-violent protest, which would eventually then lead to black-Americans gaining their Civil Rights.Gandhi explained in one of his speeches that it is important not to fight against the British, but simply just not follow the orders and law s passed, such as dont meet up in large groups. Gandhi told people not to follow that order and do the complete opposite, which then lead to the Amritsar massacre. Gandhi failed to reach his aims, but became a very famous figure in history due to his campaigns and the first ever use of peaceful protesting, which then after his death, Gandhi was claimed to be a hero and savior of India.People exaggerate Gandhis importance because they usually miss out on the specific detail that is very decisive to understanding Gandhi. The exaggeration of Gandhis importance is also due to India having Gandhi as their only leader, this may be important because he was the first to step up to the British, but on the other hand he failed in uniting India against the British. Sure he may have had a quality in the struggle for independence, but he caused India to divide, which caused millions of people losing their lives.